Three days after the November 3 midterm elections, two U.S. Senate races remain uncalled: Alaska and Mississippi. Both contests feature Democratic challengers holding extremely narrow leads over incumbent Republican senators, illustrating the scale of the political shift that gave Democrats control of Congress.

Although neither race will determine which party controls the Senate, their outcomes could significantly influence the size of the Democratic majority and the ability of party leaders to pass legislation, approve presidential appointments, and exercise oversight of the Trump administration.

According to Ballotpedia's November 5 assessment, Democrats have secured at least 54 Senate seats, compared with 44 for Republicans. The remaining contests could increase the Democratic caucus to 56 members if both challengers prevail.

Overall, the decisive margins of victory by winning candidates nationwide eliminated potentially lengthy and controversial challenges to the results. For the U.S. Senate races, the two remaining contests with unknown outcomes could still produce disputes, but the intensity and scope of any challenges to the final results will likely be limited to Mississippi and Alaska…

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Mississippi has emerged as one of the most surprising contests of the election. Democratic challenger Scott Colom has maintained a narrow advantage over Senator Cindy Hyde-Smith in a state Republicans have dominated in federal elections for decades. Colom's lead expanded from several dozen votes to 1,145 as additional ballots were counted. However, thousands of provisional ballots remain unresolved, potentially enough to change the outcome.

Mississippi has until November 10 to resolve those ballots. A clearer result could emerge around that date, although legal challenges could prolong the contest. Mississippi does not provide an automatic recount, but candidates may pursue recount-related relief through the courts.

Alaska's Senate race presents an additional complication because the state uses ranked-choice voting. Democrat Mary Peltola leads incumbent Republican Dan Sullivan by just 637 first-choice votes. Peltola has approximately 48.2% of the vote, compared with Sullivan's 47.9%.

If no candidate receives a majority of first-choice votes in Alaska, the state eliminates lower-ranking candidates and redistributes ballots according to voters' subsequent preferences. The process continues until a candidate wins a majority of the continuing ballots.

This means Sullivan could overcome Peltola's narrow lead through transferred votes, while Peltola could also extend her advantage. Additional absentee ballots could change the initial standings. Alaska's election authorities have scheduled ranked-choice tabulation for November 18, making that an important date for determining the winner. A result could become clear earlier if subsequent counting establishes a majority, but certification or challenges could extend the process.

The remaining races also carry symbolic significance. Democratic victories in Mississippi and Alaska would demonstrate that the political backlash against Republicans extended beyond traditional Democratic strongholds and competitive suburban states.

Both elections could remain uncertain for another week or more, particularly Alaska's contest. Regardless of the outcome, Democratic control of the Senate is already established. What remains undecided is how large its majority will be and how much additional negotiating power that majority will provide when the new Congress convenes in January 2027.