Ousted Leader of Bangladesh Sheik Hasina Given Death Sentence

What Happened?

Sheik Hasina, the former Prime Minister of Bangladesh, was found guilty of crimes against humanity for her role in a violent government crackdown against student protesters. A panel of three judges from the International Crimes Tribunal, which is Bangladesh’s domestic war crimes court, ruled that Hasina was responsible for inciting hundreds of extrajudicial killings carried out by law enforcement.

‘Sheikh Hasina committed crimes against humanity by her incitement, order and failure to take punitive measures,’ one of the judges said as he delivered the verdict. According to the United Nations Human Rights Office, as many as 1,400 people may have been killed and nearly 25,000 injured as a result of the former prime minister’s actions. Ms. Hasina called the ruling ‘biased and politically motivated.’

Why it Matters

The pattern of events in Bangladesh is one that has been repeated in many different places around the world in the past two decades. The sequence of events is well documented and usually goes like this, a popular protest begins, the government orders a harsh security crackdown to stifle dissent, which escalates the protests into a violent confrontation with authorities, culminating in the collapse of the ruling regime. That happened in Egypt and Syria during the Arab Spring, in Ukraine in 2013, and more recently in Nepal and Bangladesh. 

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In the case of Bangladesh, what began as protests over government-imposed quotas on civil service jobs quickly spiraled into a violent clash between police and student protesters. When protesters refused to disperse, security forces used lethal force against them, killing hundreds and ultimately bringing about the downfall of the Hasina regime due to widespread public outrage.  

Ms. Hasina, who is living in exile in India, criticized the ruling against her, which is ironic because under her guidance, Bangladesh’s International Crimes Tribunal was originally created. Her response is also part of a pattern where heads of state refuse to accept any responsibility for the actions of the government they were running. 

Whether Vladimir Putin in Russia, Maduro in Venezuela, or Hasina in Bangladesh, the hallmarks of authoritarian rulers are that they believe they are accountable to no one and they can do anything they please. Authoritarians worldwide operate with the same playbook, for their friends anything, and for their enemies, the law. They use government security and justice organizations to prosecute their political rivals, free their allies, to enrich themselves, and to stifle dissent. 

How it Affects You

A former authoritarian head of state responsible for mass murder facing capital punishment themselves could set a precedent other authoritarians find alarming. The ruling could encourage more protests and uprisings against autocratic governments, and at the same time make rulers of those regimes fight even harder because they know once they are out of power, they will be punished. 

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