Recently, scientists discovered a new source of clean energy, naturally occurring ‘white hydrogen’ trapped within billion-year-old rocks in Canada. The discovery, made in a geological region known as the Canadian Shield, attracted international attention because it suggests hydrogen may be produced naturally underground in much larger quantities than previously believed.

According to Dr. Barbara Lollar of the Department of Earth Sciences at the University of Toronto, ‘The data suggests there are critical untapped opportunities to access a domestic source of cost-effective energy produced from the rocks beneath our feet.’

Worldwide, the hydrogen economy is valued at over one hundred billion dollars annually. That’s because hydrogen is so versatile and can be used in fuel cells to generate electricity, power industrial processes, produce fertilizer, and potentially fuel ships, trucks, and aircraft. Most hydrogen currently used around the world is produced from fossil fuels such as natural gas and coal, which release large amounts of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere…

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By contrast, white hydrogen is formed naturally underground, and extracting will likely require less energy than manufacturing hydrogen from scratch. Regions that possess favorable geology, like mining areas already equipped with tunnels and drilling infrastructure, could harvest hydrogen directly from underground. In the Canadian Shield, white hydrogen could provide a domestic energy source that lessens dependence on imported fuels while cutting greenhouse gas emissions. 

The Canadian Shield covers an enormous area and consists of billion-year-old rock stretching across most of Canada. According to Sadie Harley of psy.org, researchers from the University of Toronto and the University of Ottawa studied underground boreholes near Timmins, Ontario, where mining activity had already drilled deep into the crust. They found hydrogen gas was steadily escaping from the rocks, which could become a new source of energy. 

White hydrogen is created not by industrial manufacturing but through natural chemical reactions between underground water and iron-rich minerals in ancient rocks. Over time, these reactions split water molecules and release hydrogen gas, which can accumulate in cracks and underground reservoirs. With sufficient buildup, these deposits can become large enough to mine commercially.

Because the build-ups of white hydrogen are most likely to be found at locations already being mined for other minerals, the start-up costs of extraction would be minimal. And existing transportation and distribution networks could be used with no need to create new ones from scratch. Typically, new mineable deposits require infrastructure that can take years to build, but extraction of white hydrogen could be done much more quickly.

Global energy demand is expected to continue growing in the next decade, and in order to meet that demand, the goal is not to switch to clean energy or rely solely on fossil fuels, but to find as many sources of both. Successful extraction of white hydrogen on a commercial scale in Canada could persuade other countries to undertake new efforts to achieve similar results.

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