Congress Passes President Trump’s Budget Bill by a Narrow Margin

What Happened?

After the Trump administration’s budget bill passed the Senate by a single vote, the legislation then was sent back to the House of Representatives, which it also passed by a narrow margin. The final vote in the Senate was 51-50, with Vice-President Vance casting the tie breaking vote. In the House, the final vote was 218 in favor and 214 against, with two Republicans joining all Democrats in opposition.

President Trump plans to sign the bill into law on the 4^th of July in a ceremony at the White House.

Why it Matters

The passage of the federal budget bill is a significant political victory for the Trump Administration, because as every past president has discovered, getting anything they want from Congress can be difficult. Even though Republicans had majorities in both the House and Senate, the majorities were slim, and some House Republicans in districts which voted for Harris in 2024 were under pressure to vote against the bill. 

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Critics of the bill claim it will add trillions to the national debt. U.S. Representative Thomas Massie and U.S. Senator Rand Paul, both from Kentucky, voted against the bill even though they are both Republicans. Both said they voted against the bill because it adds too much to the debt. Senator Thom Tillis of North Carolina, also a Republican, voted against the bill because it makes significant cuts to Medicaid, which will cost tens of thousands of people in his home state access to health care.

The non-partisan Congressional Budget Office (CBO) calculated that the bill will add $3.8 trillion to the national debt over the next ten years, due to a combination of tax cuts and increased spending. The CBO also found that tariffs would not generate enough revenue to make up the difference. In fact, tax revenue from tariffs would not even cover a fraction of the difference.

Proponents of the bill tout the tax cuts, which were passed during President Trump’s first term and were due to expire. The new bill extends those tax cuts, and though they are across the board, most of the benefits will go to taxpayers who earn more than $150,000 a year, which can be seen in the language of the legislation itself. 

Supporters of the bill also point to increases in spending for immigrations custom enforcement (ICE), which will receive an addition $160 billion under the new law, representing the biggest increase in spending on immigration enforcement in U.S. history. With more funding ICE will likely intensify its operations across the country to identify and detain illegal immigrants.

How it Affects You

While passage of the bill is a win for the Trump Administration, if critics fears of increasing debt and cuts to Medicaid turn out to be true, then Republicans could pay a price in the 2026 mid-term elections.